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Rooting out poverty

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I have often heard the story that in the Jewish communities around the world, a wad of cash circulates around ‘at least (that is, the minimum)’ 19 individuals ‘within’ the community before it heads out to the general money-spending population.
The pattern of circulating money in this manner means that the community makes the most out of it before it is spent on things that are not available in such a community’s market, that is, the money is spent on what they cannot themselves manufacture and are therefore forced to outsource it.
It takes no use of definitions provided by quantum economic theories to understand why the Jewish communities of the world are on average the richest folk in the communities within which they live.

Their method is as simple as the old way of the ancients where the whole community would share the tinderbox, or a burning ember of coal that would move from house to house to start fires in different households.
Ho okhelana mollo meaning in short to share fire is an age old concept that was in operation before every family could buy their own box of matches, and it worked wonders in terms of keeping the community together for it kept the fires going.

The simple shard from a clay-pot or the use of the fire-pot in the case where the distance covered was long meant that the flame begun by the fire-makers (for fire indeed needs to be made) could go on to warm different households and to cook needed meals.

I see the same thing when it comes to the analysis of money which I see as the flame that we need to keep warm in the cold economic winters of the world where it burns as huge bonfires in the First World countries, and is scattered and scarce in the Third World countries and its flames are so small that they often cannot cook a meal or warm the different communities that share it.
The simple reality is that we need money to keep going on but are sadly confronted with the reality that money is not shared enough, with some parties that have it choosing to hoard it in different ways instead of sharing it with the rest of the community.

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It is often out of pride that the little cash we have as African people is actually used for purposes other than the upliftment of the rest of society out of the clutches of poverty that plagues the continent.
Those who have it hoard it in different ways, from using the rather lame justification that one has worked hard for their money and therefore cannot share it, to being stingy enough not to pay those that render services, to limiting the use of cash in a small circle made of affiliates: the reality is that cash does not circulate enough within the community before it is spent.
What happens is that it reaches a maximum of three people before it is sent back to where it came from, and this leads to it not being used to its full potential by the members of the community that have it and decide to hoard it.

Time is of every essence, and being in time, being on time, being out of time are all determining factors in terms of eradicating poverty. One cannot hope to get out of the mires of poverty if they have no respect for the hands on the clock of time, for each minute counts for something important that can be done as an effort to erase the scourge of poverty.
I see this everytime I have to perform extra-mural (moonlight) jobs that put food on my table and serve to supplement my salary and to cover other extra costs.
Whatever minute is lost means that I might lose out on a simple job that could be done in the space of a few hours after which the payment by the client is supposed to be made.
Not respecting time means that one loses the job and with it the reward that is due based on the simple premise that one is paid on the basis of a job finished on time (the period demanded by the customer or client). In an environment where the concept of ‘African Time ’ is in use, there is just no way that activities that bring cash rewards can be finished on time to warrant adequate payment due to the labour put in.

If the job is late or out of time, it is fair for the customer to refuse to pay the amount demanded by the craftsman. And this leads to poverty as the potential cash-flow that would come with the timeous delivery and rendering of services is stemmed or limited due to non/under-payment born out of dissatisfaction.
Commitment to whatever efforts that are related to driving the economy is of paramount importance. The creation of cash demands that the parties involved are committed to the tasks that are the engines in the making of cash despite their seeming uselessness.

There are stories of many individuals that have made a lot of money from activities that at first seemed unimportant because they stuck to the road and were resolute in their decision to venture into the cash-creating activity.

Through sheer will and diligence, an individual can end up owning an empire if they are committed to the original vision of their business (which I term as ‘busy-ness’) because the creation of wealth demands that one should be as busy as the bee.

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There is no given method in the carrying out of activities geared towards the creation of lucre, but there is the uncontested wisdom that once started, the effort towards the attainment of fiscal wealth should be unceasing, because pausing for a while (however short the moment of repose may be) may mean that one loses out on potential customers who may in their nature not have the patience to wait for one’s services and therefore begin looking for alternatives represented by fellow professionals in the same line of work one does.
The goal should be that one has to be committed enough not to end up as the loser because their effort is not committed or concerted.

Being virtuous means that one honours the terms of their service, that one does not cheat the client (through overcharging for services rendered), is timeous in the delivery of the needed services, understands the client’s condition, and is willing to provide services for less than what the services are actually worth in instances where the customer cannot afford the services offered or is timeous in their payment (for this means that the collateral costs such as debt collection and the cost of contingencies such as transport and meals are actually shaved off).

One as the provider of any service should understand that there will be bargaining in every transaction, but one should be virtuous enough to make the client aware of the cost of all the elements in the quotation, in short, one should be able to justify all of the components that make up the final charge for the services to be rendered.
The attitude locally is to argue with the customer and this leads to one or both parties losing out because they do not understand why the services to be rendered cost as much as they are presented out on the quotation.

The truth of the matter is that the customer is always king, and the virtuous craftsman working hard to keep the hunger at bay understands this simple fact, and they always get something out of the deal.
However little, this amount contributes in the poverty alleviation practices like service provision in different forms.
Knowing who to charge and how to charge them is always a challenge to the beginner in the handyman crafts, and I have figured out a simple way to do this.
The reality is that not all the clients one comes across can actually afford the full cost of the service they need, and it is rather uncouth to leave them out in the cold simply on the basis of their not being able to pay in cash.
There should be a payment plan made by the two parties (the service provider and the client) on how they can cover the labour cost of the service to be provided.
A simple agreement can be written or the agreement can be on a mutual basis, meaning that one as the provider relies on their previous experience with the client or their instinct (for one’s gut is right more times than it is wrong) to set out the terms of payment. However little, the income one earns from the service provision activities actually pans out to be enough to keep one going for the larger part of the month and out of the poverty trap caused by the lack of cash to pay day-to-day needs.

Getting rid of poverty is not made in the manner that one gets a lump sum to wash it away; the reality is that it is chipped away in little bits. The figure who is patient enough to gather in bits at the end of the day ends up richer because they are satisfied with the little they get and are therefore content, meaning that they can carry out their tasks in a committed manner that satisfies the client.
The big-name clients are few and far-in-between; one should learn to deal with the small-income clients who are actually more regular in their need for one’s services as a handyman.
Saving and spending are two elements that are core to the process of garnering wealth, and they should be treated with utmost care. The temptation is to spend after long hours of toil, and giving in to this kind of temptation leaves one poorer than they were before they began the task that pays them. The wisdom is to set out a budget in advance to avoid the impulsive spending sprees that are triggered by the little cash one gets their hands on in the course of their effort.

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Cycling between being broke and having more cash than what one does not know what to do with it is the bane of many an independent craftsman on this continent who wake up one day to poverty on which they apply hard work to get out of only to regress to poverty the day after their hard work is rewarded.
One should learn to save, and there are many ways of doing it, I believe in putting a certain amount into the bank, or simply buying tools (even those that I do not need, for they always turn out to be handy when certain unforeseen jobs come my way).

We stay in poverty simply because we spend more than we make on many occasions, and this leaves us perpertual slaves to money-lenders and loan-sharks for whom we end up working for. The trick is simply to learn how one can live within their means and to gather enough on top of the little capital one gets from their activities.
The main argument for many of those that want to venture into business is that there is not enough capital to set out on. My argument is that the only capital one needs to set out on a money-making venture is that made up of the will to start, the courage to begin, the obstinacy to keep on keeping on despite seeming challenges, and constant education to establish and clarify one’s understanding of the field or craft they are in.

There is just no way that one can get out of poverty if one is focused on the tales of how others got out of poverty. They are good as reference points, but the truth is that the successful oftentimes succeed because they choose their own and follow it as it unfolds new realities as it progresses. The wisdom is to avoid praise at all costs for it carries a double meaning on an average day: it goads one on, but also sows the seeds of complacency because one then begins to think and believe that they are ‘good’.

The reality is that one should never become too familiar with what they do for it soon breeds a certain level of contempt or disrespect. Every job has a different character, and therefore, the approach to it should be carried with the utmost care each time one comes across it.
This respect for the job is what actually serves as the ladder out of the hole poverty has put the continent in.

By; Tšepiso S Mothibi

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Insight

Down in the Dump: Conclusion

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I closed last week by recording the dreadful news that trashy Trump had been elected called to mind WB Yeats’s poem “The Second Coming.” This is the poem whose opening lines gave Chinua Achebe the phrase “things fall apart.”

Yeats observes “Things fall apart, the centre cannot hold / Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world.”

It was written in 1919 and controversially uses Christian imagery relating to the Apocalypse and the Second Coming to reflect on the atmosphere in Europe following the slaughter of the First World War and the devastating flu epidemic that followed this.

It also reflects on the Irish War of Independence against British rule.

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In lines that I can now read as if applying to the recent American election, Yeats mourns: “The best lack all conviction, while the worst / Are full of passionate intensity.”

And then I can visualise Trump in the poem’s closing lines: “What rough beast is this, its hour come round at last, / Slouching towards Bethlehem to be born?”

Trump is certainly a rough beast and isn’t the choice of verb, slouching, just perfect? For a non-allegorical account of the threat posed by the Dump, I can’t do better than to quote (as I often do) that fine South African political journalist, Will Shoki. In his words: “Trump’s administration simply won’t care about Palestinians, about the DRC, about the Sudanese.

It will be indifferent to the plight of the downtrodden and the oppressed, who will be portrayed as weak and pathetic. And it will give carte blanche [that is, free rein] to despotism and tyranny everywhere.

Not even social media, that once revered third-space we associated with subversion and revolution in the first quarter of the 21st century can save us because Silicon Valley is in Trump’s back pocket.”

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So what follows the triumph of the Dump? We can’t just sit down and moan and bemoan. In a more recent piece of hers than the one I quoted last week, Rebecca Solnit has observed: “Authoritarians like Trump love fear, defeatism, surrender. Do not give them what they want . . . We must lay up supplies of love, care, trust, community and resolve — so we may resist the storm.”

Katt Lissard tells me that on November 7th following the confirmation of the election result, in the daytime and well into the evening in Manhattan, New York, there was a large demonstration in support of the immigrants Trump despises.

And a recent piece by Natasha Lennard gives us courage in its title “The Answer to Trump’s Victory is Radical Action.”

So, my Basotho readers, how about the peaceful bearing of some placards in front of the US Embassy in Maseru? Because the Dump doesn’t like you guys and gals one little bit.

One last morsel. I had intended to end this piece with the above call to action, but can’t resist quoting the following comment from the New York Times of November 13th on Trump’s plans to appoint his ministers.

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I’m not sure a satirical gibe was intended (the clue is in the repeated use of the word “defence”), but it made me guffaw nonetheless. “Trump will nominate Pete Hegseth, a Fox News host with no government experience, as his defence secretary. Hegseth has often defended Trump on TV.” You see, it’s all about the Dump.

  • Chris Dunton is a former Professor of English and Dean of Humanities at the National University of Lesotho.

 

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Insight

A question of personal gain

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Recently, an audio recording featuring the distressed MP for Thaba-Bosiu Constituency, Joseph Malebaleba, circulated on social media. The MP appears to have spent a sleepless night, struggling with the situation in which he and his associates from the Revolution for Prosperity (RFP) party were denied a school feeding tender valued at M250 million per annum.

In 2022, Lesotho’s political landscape underwent a significant shift with the emergence of the RFP led by some of the country’s wealthiest individuals. Among them was Samuel Ntsokoane Matekane, arguably one of the richest people in Lesotho, who took the helm as the party’s leader and ultimately, the Prime Minister of Lesotho.

The RFP’s victory in the general election raised eyebrows, and their subsequent actions have sparked concerns about the motivations behind their involvement in politics.

In an interview with an American broadcasting network just after he won the elections, Matekane made a striking statement, proclaiming that he would run Lesotho exactly as he runs his business.

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At first glance, many thought he was joking, but as time has shown, his words were far from an idle threat. In the business world, the primary goal is to maximize profits, and it appears that the RFP is adopting a similar approach to governance.

Behind the scenes, alarming developments have been unfolding. A communication from an RFP WhatsApp group revealed a disturbing request from the Minister of Communications, Nthati Moorosi, who asked if anyone in the group had a construction business and could inbox her.

This raises questions about the RFP’s focus on using government resources to benefit their own business interests.

The government has been embroiled in a series of scandals that have raised serious concerns about the ethical conduct of its officials. Recent reports have revealed shocking incidents of misuse of public funds and conflicts of interest among key government figures.

Over the past two years, the RFP has been accused of awarding government contracts to companies affiliated with their members, further solidifying concerns about their self-serving agenda. For instance, vehicles purchased for the police were allegedly sourced from suppliers connected to a Minister’s son and MP.

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The MP for Peka, Mohopoli Monokoane, was found to have hijacked fertiliser intended to support impoverished farmers, diverting crucial resources away from those in need for personal gain.

Such actions not only betray the trust of the public but also have a direct impact on the livelihoods of vulnerable communities. Monokoane appeared before the courts of law this week.

While farmers voice their concerns regarding fertiliser shortages, it seems that Bishop Teboho Ramela of St. Paul African Apostolic Church, who is also a businessman, is allegedly involved in a corrupt deal concerning a M10 million fertilizer allocation, benefiting from connections with wealthy individuals in government.

The procurement of fertiliser appears to be mired in controversy; recall that the Minister of Agriculture, Food Security and Nutrition, Thabo Mofosi, was also implicated in the M43 million tender.

The renovation of government buildings with elaborate lighting systems was contracted to a company owned by the son of an MP. The RFP’s enthusiasm for infrastructure development, specifically road construction and maintenance, is also tainted by self-interest, as they have companies capable of performing these tasks and supplying the necessary materials, such as asphalt.

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Minister Moteane finds himself in a compromising situation regarding a lucrative M100 million airport tender that was awarded to his former company. Ministers have even gone so far as to award themselves ownership of diamond mines.

Meanwhile, the nation struggles with national identification and passport shortages, which according to my analysis the RFP seems hesitant to address until they can find a way to partner with an international company that will benefit their own interests.

The people of Lesotho are left wondering if their leaders are truly committed to serving the nation or simply lining their own pockets. As the RFP’s grip on power tightens, the consequences for Lesotho’s democracy and economy hang precariously in the balance.

It is imperative that citizens remain vigilant and demand transparency and accountability from their leaders, lest the nation slide further into an era of self-serving governance.

In conclusion, the RFP’s dominance has raised serious concerns about the motives behind their involvement in politics. The apparent prioritisation of personal profit over public welfare has sparked widespread disillusionment and mistrust among the population.

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As Lesotho navigates this critical juncture, it is essential that its leaders are held accountable for their actions and that the nation’s best interests are placed above those of individuals.

Only through collective effort and a strong commitment to transparency and accountability can Lesotho ensure a brighter future for all its citizens.

Ramahooana Matlosa

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Insight

Down in the Dump: Part One

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Attentive readers will recall that some weeks ago, I scribbled a series of pieces on elections due to be held in the UK, France, South Africa, and the USA. These elections were unusually critical for the well-being of their countries and even that of the world.

The results of the last of these elections are now with us and we are faced with the devastating news that Donald Trump is heading back to the White House.

I can hardly think of worse news to swallow or to equip the world to survive the years ahead.

The Dump, as I call him, is one of the most odious, dangerous, untrustworthy individuals currently inhabiting planet Earth. To cite a few of his demerits: he is a convicted felon; he believes climate change is a hoax; he is a sexist and a racist (one of his former military advisers has gone so far as to describe him as a fascist).

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He is a snuggle buddy of the Russian dictator Vladimir Putin and will probably discontinue aid to Ukraine as it resists invasion by Russia. Western European allies such as France, Germany and the UK are dismayed at his victory, as he holds the principles of democracy and constitutionalism in contempt.

As for Africa, well, he once described it as a “shit country,” so don’t look forward to much support from him.

Readers who spent time at the NUL will remember my dear colleague Katt Lissard who is now back home in New York. She spent some years with us as a Professor specialising in Theatre studies and was the Artistic Director of our international Winter / Summer Institute for Theatre for Development.

Many activists in the USA like Katt, who don’t see themselves as part of the political mainstream, chose to campaign for the Democrats and Kamala Harris in the hope of keeping Trump and the far right out of power. Confronted with the news of Trump’s victory, she sent an email to friends noting this was “just a brief check-in from the incomprehensible USA.”

She then explained: “We’re in shock and the early days of processing, but white supremacy, misogyny and anti-immigrant bias are alive and well and driving the boat here.” So, how do Katt and millions of decent, like-minded Americans plan to weather the storm?

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Katt explained: “We were deeply depressed and deeply furious as it became clear that one of the worst human beings on the planet was going back to the White House, but we are still breathing and know that we will in the days ahead begin to formulate plans and strategies—and not just for heading north across the Canadian border.”

Picking up on that last point, it may well be that many decent Americans might just up and off across the border; Canada had better prepare for an avalanche of applications for residence permits.

And not just from Americans; in, for example, the American university system alone there are many many Africans employed in high positions (Professors and such-like), who must now face the fact they are living in a country whose leader despises them and who may opt to get out.

In her email written to her friends, once the news from hell had been confirmed, Katt quoted a piece by Rebecca Solnit, one of the most exciting writers at work in the USA today (readers may remember that I have previously reviewed two of her books for this newspaper, Whose Story is This? and Recollections of My Non-Existence).

Now Solnit is a feminist and at the heart of her work is a dissection of the way women have been marginalised in the USA (let’s remember that Kamala Harris, the Presidential candidate who lost to Trump, did so partly because so many American males could not bring themselves to vote for a woman.

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I am thinking of the kind of male who invaded the White House when it was announced Trump had lost the 2020 election, bare-chested and wearing cow-horn helmets on their numbskull heads).

Solnit has this to say on our response to the Trump victory: “They want you to feel powerless and to surrender and to let them trample everything and you are not going to let them.

You are not giving up and neither am I. The fact that we cannot save everything does not mean we cannot save anything and everything we can save is worth saving.

You may need to grieve or scream or take time off, but you have a role no matter what, and right now good friends and good principles are worth gathering in.

Remember what you love. Remember what loves you. Remember in this tide of hate what love is.” And then: “A lot of us are going to resist by building solidarity and sanctuary.”

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What is so morale-boosting about Solnit’s piece is not just her vision but also her command of language.
Her writing is so crisp and elegant. Language comes at us at its best, of course, in literature, and when I heard that the Dump was on the move back to the White House, I immediately recalled one of the most startling poems in the English language, “The Second Coming” by the Irish poet WB Yeats.

I’ll kick off with that next week.

To be concluded

Chris Dunton

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