Local News
A city bursting on the seams
Published
7 years agoon
By
The Post
Staff Reporter
MASERU – THE rapid growth of Maseru City caused by increasing rural to urban migration is straining the Water and Sewerage Company (Wasco)’s capacity to provide water and sanitation services.
Less than 10 years ago areas like Sekamaneng, Koalabata and parts of Khubetsoana in the northern part of Maseru were not part of the city. In the south and south-western areas like Ha-Tsolo, Linakotseng, Ha-Likotsi, Ha-Shelile and Mamenoaneng were not part of the Maseru city. Now they have become booming suburbs that require water and sanitation services. The responsibility to provide these services falls on Wasco, a company whose resources have always been under pressure even when the city was much smaller.
The Bureau of Statistics says since 1986 rural to urban migration increased from 11.8 percent to 34.1 percent in 2016, with Maseru being the major recipient of those moving to towns.
In the same period the rural population dropped from 88.2 percent to 58.4 percent.
Between 2010 and 2015 Lesotho’s rate of urbanisation was around 3 percent per year.
Wasco’s capacity has not improved fast enough to sustain such growth in urban population.
Wasco chief executive, Lehlohonolo Manamolela, told thepost this week that the need is so high that if nothing is done urgently the problem will soon get out of hand.
The population of Maseru City has grown from 98 000 in 1986 to 267 000 in 2014.
Wasco has secured funds from the Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (BADEA) to conduct a feasibility study and preliminary design for a project called Greater Maseru Water Supply, which aims to supply water to villages on the outskirts of the city and some in the city that have not been connected to the sewage system. Wasco plans to build new water storage tanks at Ha-Makhoathi, Mazenod, Ha-Mabote, Qoaling, Ha-Tšiame and Ha-Foso. Villages of Ha-Foso, Ha-Makhoathi, Ha-Tšiame and Mazenod are not yet part of the Maseru City but they could be soon.
The project also aims to provide portable water and sewage connectivity to further villages like Ha-’Masana in Qeme, Ha-Luka near Moshoeshoe I International Airport, Ha-Tikoe where the Lesotho National Development Corporation (LNDC) is building new factory shells in the south and south-west areas.
Northern villages that are in the plan are Marabeng and Berea. Some people who migrated from rural areas to Maseru have acquired residential sites on the slopes of Qoaling Plateau and Ratjomose Mountain. These also are in the plan for provision of portable water. Other old Maseru villages on high ground like Tšenola and some parts of Ha-Mabote are also in the plan.
Manamolela said the project will need some M300 million to implement.
Manamolela said he is expecting the number of people who need Wasco’s services in the additional villages of the city to grow from the current 77 000 to 93 000 by 2040.
That will increase the water demand from 2.927 cubic metres to 9.373 cubic metre per day.
It is not Maseru City only that strains Wasco’s provision of portable water and sanitation facilities.
Manamolela said other towns also are in dire need of Wasco’s services.
The towns that Wasco has acquired funds to help are Butha-Buthe, Hlotse in the northern part of the country and Mafeteng, Mohale’s Hoek and Qacha’s Nek in the southern parts.
Manamolela said Mafeteng and Mohale’s Hoek will be provided with additional water that will cover even villages in the urban periphery after the construction of Makhaleng Dam which is in the pipeline.
The two towns currently rely on water pumped from the Makhaleng River but the major challenge is that the river often runs dry during heavy drought like last year’s.
The two towns were part of the Five Towns Water Supply Project for which Wasco acquired funds from BADEA, OPEC, Fund for International Development (OFID) and Saudi Fund for Development (SFD) to supply with water.
The project, which will cost about M500 million, will now incorporate Maputsoe after Mohale’s Hoek and Mafeteng have been pulled out. One of the objectives of the project is to make provision for future population growth, according to Manamolela. Manamolela however denied that the continuing cut offs of water in many parts of the country are caused by shortage of water.
He said the country currently has water that can sustain it for the next nine months.
“The cut offs will continue even if we have good rains and our water catchments are full to the brim,” Manamolela said, adding that “water often cuts off because of electricity cut offs”.
He said Wasco uses electricity to pump water to the storage tanks so if there is no electricity the already stored water is finished quickly. He said residents on high ground are the ones who suffer more because even after the electricity problem is dealt with water delays to reach to them.
Manamolela also said the other problem which Wasco is dealing with is maintenance or replacement of old pipes, the majority of which were installed during the pre-independence era. “Many of these pipes leak and we have to continuously repair or replace them,” he said.
“I urge all our customers to faithfully pay their bills so that we can collect enough funds to do this job.”
In its application to Lewa for a tariff increase for the 2016/17 fiscal year Wasco said it operates 16 centres around the country serving 90 797 customers, 6 000 of whom are connected to sewer lines. There are 4 300 domestic prepaid connections, and over 4 400 communal pre-paid token holders.
It said industries and commercial premises, particularly in Maseru, use about 64 percent of the water produced while domestic customers use the rest.
The company also revealed that it has been making losses since 2011 due to increased capital expenditure that is not supported by the controlled annual tariff increases.
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ROMA-“Go, eat your food with rejoicing, and drink your wine with a cheerful heart, for already the true God has found pleasure in your works,” so says the Big Book.
Driven by that divine, Mohapi Pule has gone a step further – by coming up with a new type of brandy – to make you merry.
The brandy, Mountain Spels Brandy, will make the heart of the dying man rejoice.
“The healthy nutrients in fruits that make brandy, end up in you when you drink it,” he said.
Pule studied nutrition at the National University of Lesotho.
His brandy is made by fermenting fruits into wine. The wine is then distilled into a brandy. It carries the flavour and the aroma of the original fruits.
The story began when Pule was born in Quthing, Mphaki. He was born to a hardworking mother who brew traditional beer like no other.
“She brew beer well before I was born. She is still making it to this day,” he said.
His passion for brewing was probably “born” even before he was born. Mothers have a hidden way of passing not just their looks but their passions to their children.
As he grew up, he found that he was still intertwined with his mom’s brewing business in one way or another.
“Mostly, I am expected to fetch water for the brewing process. That, I still do to this day when I visit home,” he says.
Two decades later, Pule found himself in the Roma Valley, doing BSc in Nutrition.
“At some point, I found that I had lost purpose in life. There was not a thing that I could say, well, I was passionate about this thing or that thing.”
That situation, of course, threw him into some serious soul-searching.
It brought him back to his roots.
“During this period, I recalled that when I was younger, I used to imagine helping my mom do the packaging of the beer she was making and helping distribute it countrywide,” he said.
From a young age, the issue of subsistence business didn’t appeal to him. But that imagination came and passed. Now here he was, worried that he might not amount to anything in life.
Then, boom! An idea came!
What if he produced an alcoholic drink?
He could have thought about anything to do as a business but, lo and behold! He thought about his mother’s passion!
One of the things he loves about alcoholic beverages is that they are popular.
“I haven’t seen products as popular as alcoholic drinks,” he said.
He might be wrong or right but the reality is, the rest of the world has for generations found delight in alcoholic beverages – some to the extent of overdoing it to their injury!
“Mabele khunoana ralitlhaku thabisa lihoho. Mabele u tsoa kae e le khale re u batla re sa u thole? Ueeeena mabeeeele!” (Loosely translated beer brewed from sorghum make men happy. We’ve been looking for you from afar, you sorghum. In short, this is a praise poem for the Sesotho sorghum brew).
But then came the most difficult part. Which specific beverages should he focus on and how would he do it?
He decided that he would focus on ciders. He realised that not many people in Lesotho were making ciders.
He started experimenting at home and realized how difficult the process was. He just couldn’t get it right. To worsen matters, he also did not have the right equipment.
But like most successful innovators, he just knew that he had to start his business right away.
Pule says he then learnt about other forms of beverages: the spirits. Spirits are very high in alcohol content. Here we are talking the likes of whiskey, vodka and brandy.
He was particularly interested in vodka. He went into one NUL laboratory and, with necessary permission, began testing a number of spirits and doing a lot of research about them.
He began saving some of the money he earned from the National Manpower Development Secretariat in the form of student allowance so he could buy equipment. Saving was not easy. The subsistence money was already not that much. Having to share it with a business was asking a little too much.
But Pule was so determined that he did it, bought equipment that allowed him to develop what he thought was “vodka”.
However, after buying the equipment he immediately realised that the equipment was to make brandy not vodka.
“Now I was forced to get into brandy by chance,” he said.
It was a mistake that he has never regretted having realised that there are very few individuals who were making brandy in Lesotho.
Pule had to throw himself fully into experiments. He read books about brandy production. He even enrolled for an online course on distillation.
In the end, he began to see some light.
“I began to feel some difference in the taste of my produce,” he said. “When I shared my produce with my lecturers, they were over the moon!”
With that encouragement, Pule began packaging his brandy and is now selling it to family and friends.
“My small equipment means that I can’t produce much. However, If I were to get bigger equipment, things would be much better.”
Own Correspondent

ROMA – ’MATUMANE Matela, a National University of Lesotho (NUL)-trained nutritionist, is an example of how a nutritionist should think and act.
Matela makes and sells ready-to-cook vegetables out of produce from her own farm or produce she preferably buys from local farms.
“When I make a dish, as a nutritionist, I make choices that ensure a typical package is packed with nutrition,” Matela said.
Today, we examine an interesting story of the lady who is determined to ensure that you eat healthy despite your busy schedule.
It started with her experiences in life.
She describes herself as an extremely busy woman.
She likes getting things done.
As the busy amongst us will say, the busier you become, the less you watch your diet.
She couldn’t escape the trap!
“My busy schedule meant that I ended up eating junk and I was gaining weight,” she said.
With time, she came to her senses.
As a nutritionist, she recalled that the best way to preach was to preach by example.
So, was she preaching what she practised?
Clearly, she wasn’t.
She had to find an option to maintain the busy schedule and eat healthy at the same time.
The beautiful thing about nutrition is that the healthiest foods are the closest to us: fruits and vegetables.
Some scientists even claim that our bodies seem to be designed to thrive on fruits and vegetables.
“Have you ever wondered why looking at a ripe raw peach on a tree is mouth-watering but looking at a fat cow isn’t?” asked one scientist.
Well, whether we were designed for fruits and vegetables or not, the truth is that they are good for our bodies.
That’s what good science tells us.
And we somehow “know it” too if you have heard about anything called intuition.
So one day she found herself increasingly eating fruits and vegetables.
It’s easier to change a religion than a diet, they say.
So it is commendable that she changed her diet at all.
“The idea was to chop as much vegetables as possible and put them in a fridge so that in future, I will just pull them out and cook.”
She wasn’t proposing something new.
Who amongst us doesn’t enjoy the convenience of just pulling up chopped frozen vegetables and cooking?
Little did she know that what she was doing was putting her on a path to a brilliant business.
It took a post on a social media to achieve just that.
“I took a pic of the chopped and packaged vegetables and posted them on my social media account. The reaction was swift. I began getting questions like, “how much?””
It immediately dawned on her that she could be sitting on a great business idea, after all.
So she gave it a try and started selling.
To her surprise, people started buying.
In fact, “I get orders for my products almost on a daily basis.”
That is how interested people really are.
This to an extent that her business now gets up to four irregular employees, she included, when the demand is high.
She said her training in Agriculture, Home Economics and Nutrition has helped her to give a thought into what she was doing.
For instance, where possible, she grows her own crops and sells them as first preference.
She has grown spinach, butternut, green pepper, onion, herbs and beans.
She is also in the process of renting more fields to grow more vegetables.
Then she empowers Basotho producers by requesting them to supply.
Going for foreign produce is the last resort.
Look at her packages and you realise something.
The “7 colours” proverb comes alive.
Those seven colours (several colours actually) may have been designed to appeal to your eyes but that is just the tip of the iceberg.
The colours of vegetables mean a lot in terms of nutrition.
Each colour gives you something different.
So, the more colours in one meal, the merrier.
To drive this home, let’s go a scientific route for a second.
Red, Blue and Purple: These vegetables contain substances that are good at reducing the risk of stroke, cancer and memory problems.
White: The likes of onion or garlic may help lower your risk of high blood pressure, high cholesterol, cancer and heart disease.
Orange and Yellow: Carrots immediately come to mind.
These vegetables contain substances called carotenoids which may help improve your immune system and help to improve the health of your eyes.
Basotho, it would appear, have long known a thing or two about the relationship between carrots and eyes.
Hence the famous saying, “o jele lihoete” (they ate carrots), often applied to good sportsmen or women with symbolically “good eyesight”.
Green: Green is life. Green vegetables come packed with chlorophyll, a chemical that scientists believe can boost your immune system, eliminate fungus in your body, clean your blood, lead to healthy intestines and give you boundless energy.
As a bonus, her Home Economics background is such that she is armed with a host of recipes for each of the packages she sells.
She has great dreams for the future.
“I want to see my products decorating the shelves of big supermarkets,” she said.
It’s time!
Own Correspondent

ROMA – ’MAKUENA Lesiea is spearheading the creation of a cooperative chain store that will sell Lesotho products only.
The store is being developed under the National University of Lesotho (NUL) Innovation Hub and it will be incubated by the Hub.
“Have you seen it? Basotho are producing like never before,” Lesiea said.
“However, their products are hard to see in the markets. We want to change all that.”
The store, she said, will open branches in all districts of Lesotho, starting from Maseru.
Visit any supermarket in Lesotho and check the products on the shelves.
You will be shocked to realise that, in general, just one percent of them are made in Lesotho.
The other 99 percent comes from elsewhere.
Is it because Basotho are not producing or can’t produce at all?
Nope!
“Having worked directly with the NUL Innovation Hub and the Tsa Mahlale TV programme under the Hub, I have travelled the depth and breadth of Lesotho and I was amazed at the amount of work Basotho are doing,” she said.
What is the problem?
Basotho products are not given sufficient platforms to prove themselves.
“Credit where it is due, some shops are beginning to accept and sell Basotho products,” she said.
“However, they are barely making a dent because Basotho products, being at their infancy, cannot receive full attention unless by a store that is designed to give them full attention.”
Such a store doesn’t exist.
She said the idea is not to compete with any of the existing stores because “we are getting into a new territory altogether, we are addressing a different market”.
So listen to Lesiea as she presents some features of the store that will surely persuade you to join the bandwagon:
- Customer and producer confidence: The store, she said, will achieve two things.
First, when they see masses of Lesotho-made products in one place, Basotho customers will slowly grow confidence in them.
The confidence will shoot to the roof when the customers experience that many of the products made in Lesotho are already way ahead of foreign competitors in terms of quality.
Secondly, the store will give Basotho producers an assurance that their products have, at least, one store that is willing to take them, dark or blue.
More production will come from such assurance. - Selling “everything”: The store will sell everything from fruits and vegetables to processed foodstuffs to clothing and building materials (if Thabure car will be in production by then, it will be on the shelves too).
“Suppose what we want to sell is not locally made, we will never cross the border, any border, to find its equivalence. We will encourage Basotho to produce it until they do.” - We mean business: whereas Basotho are beginning to produce, their products are still all over the place.
You bump across them in some few willing stores, in expos and trade shows, or as being sold by individual resellers. Those are good efforts, but they are not enough. In fact, many in Lesotho have come to see producing and selling as being more of an art, a hobby, a therapy or a hustling than a business, “so we are seriously moving away from such a casual approach, we mean business this time around.” - Ownership: So when you enter this store, you could be purchasing a product made by you in a store owned by you. What a difference!
- Reasonable standards: the store will only demand reasonable standards. As a struggling Mosotho, try taking your products to some of the local shops and you are, at worst, turned away without reason or, at best, given a long list of standards you must meet before they can take your product.
“In our case, as long as your products are reasonably of good quality, you are in. NUL Innovation Hub is already testing many Basotho products. We won’t ignore quality, but we won’t use it as a way to prevent Basotho products from growing either.” - A cooperative chainstore: From contributing as little as M50 per month, members will use a continuous financing model to ensure that the store doesn’t just end in Maseru but reaches the ten districts of Lesotho.
Each branch will start at a medium scale in order to grow along with Basotho products. We won’t ask for investors to come from anywhere, “we will be investors ourselves.” - An export launch pad. “We are often told to export our produce. The obvious question is, if you haven’t convinced your own people to consume your own products, how can you convince people in other lands to do so? Why should they take you seriously?”
However, the store is not meant to be a local store forever.
It will be a means by which we export our products to other countries in the future.
When we export the store to Soweto, we export it along with products from Lesotho.
Don’t say no because we have seen Chinese shops and Indian shops and, of course, South African shops, filled to the brim with Chinese products and Indian products and South African products in many countries.
“If they can do it,” Lesiea ended, “so can we.”
“Because if it is there in some of us, it is there in all of us.”
Own Correspondent

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